Reuters AlertNet - Botswana

Botswana

$Small country map\n© Microsoft Virtual Earth$

Capital:	Gaborone
Area size:	566730 sq. km Slightly larger than France
Time zone:	GMT +2
Currency:	Pula
Area code:	(+) 267
Driving:	Left
Climate description:	The central and southeastern region of the country is dry steppe; the northeast has a tropical climate suitable for agriculture; the eastern part of Botswana, where nearly 80 percent of the population lives, is used to graze cattle, but the area has begun to exploit its plethra of mineral resources.

People

Standard of living

Economy & aid

Health

Disasters, conflict & migration

Language
English (official) and Setswana (national)
Source: New Internationalist World Guide

Population

2007	1.9 million	U.N. Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) Population Division (2006)
2006	1.9 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2005	1.8 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2004	1.8 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2003	1.8 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2002	1.8 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2001	1.8 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2000	1.7 million	U.N. DESA (2006)

Future population estimates
2.6 million (2050)
Source: U.N. DESA (2006)

Ethnic groups
Tswana make up 90 percent of the population. Minorities include Kalanga, Basarwa, San and others.
Source: NI World Guide

Religion
Protestantism, Catholicism and various African religions. There are also Muslim and Hindu minorities.
Source: NI World Guide

Percentage urban population

2007	59.0 percent	U.N. DESA - World Urbanisation Prospects 2005
2006	58.2 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2005	57.4 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2004	56.6 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2003	55.8 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2002	54.9 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2001	54.1 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2000	53.2 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)

Year women granted right to vote
1965
Source: U.N. Development Programme (UNDP) Human Development Report
Where two figures are shown, the first refers to a partial recognition of the right to vote and the second to the year women received the right to vote on a universal and equal basis.

Net percentage of girls enrolled in primary education
No data available (2006)

Percentage of population under 15

2005	35.6 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	37.9 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	38.2 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	39.8 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	40.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	42.1 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Average life expectancy

2005	48.1 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	34.9 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	36.3 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	39.7 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	44.7 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	40.3 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Life expectancy - male

2005	47.6 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	34.9 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	35.9 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	40.4 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	43.3 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	40.2 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Life expectancy - female

2005	48.4 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	34.8 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	36.7 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	42.3 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	46.0 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	40.1 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Infant mortality

2006	90 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2008
2005	87 per 1,000 live births	U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) - State of the World's Children 2007
2004	84 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006
2003	82 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	80 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	80 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	74 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Child mortality - deaths before the age of five

2006	124 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2008
2005	120 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2007
2004	116 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006
2003	112 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	110 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004

Births attended by skilled personnel

1997-2005	94 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
1996-2004	94 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
1995-2003	94 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1995-2002	94 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1995-2001	99 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
1995-2000	98 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Maternal mortality

2005	380 per 100,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2000	100 per 100,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006

Human development index (HDI rank)

2005	124	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	131	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	131	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	128	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	125	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	126	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Percentage of children under weight for age (under age 5)

2000-2006	13 percent	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2008
1996-2005	13 percent	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2007
1996-2004	13 percent	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006
1995-2003	13 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1995-2002	13 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1995-2000	13 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Percentage of undernourished population

2002-2004 average	32 percent	U.N. Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) 2006
2001-2003average	30 percent	FAO 2006

Food intake falls below the minimum requirement.

Population with access to improved water

2006	96 percent	UNICEF and WHO 2008
2004	95 percent	UNICEF and World Health Organisation (WHO) 2006
2002	95 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2000	95 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004

Population with access to improved sanitation

2006	47 percent	UNICEF and WHO 2008
2004	42 percent	UNICEF and WHO 2006
2002	41 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2000	66 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004

Literacy - average

2004	81.2 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	78.9 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	78.9 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	78.1 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	77.2 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Literacy - male

2004	80.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	76.1 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	76.1 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	75.3 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	74.5 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Literacy - female

2004	81.8 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	81.5 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	81.5 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	80.6 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	79.8 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Landlines telephones

2007	73 per 1,000 people	International Telecommunication Union (ITU) 2008
2006	75 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008
2005	77 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008
2004	77 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008
2003	74 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008
2002	74 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008
2001	84 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008
2000	78 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008

Cellular telephone subscribers

2007	758 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008
2006	468 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008
2005	319 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008
2004	296 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008
2003	295 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008
2002	251 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008
2001	188 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008
2000	127 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008

Internet users

2007	53 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008
2006	46 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008
2005	34 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008
2004	34 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008
2003	34 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008
2002	34 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008
2001	34 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008
2000	29 per 1,000 people	ITU 2008

Transparency International corruption ranking (1=least corrupt, 179=most corrupt)

2008	36 (joint)	Transparency International 2008
2007	38	Transparency International 2007
2006	37 (joint)	Transparency International
2005	32 (joint)	Transparency International
2004	31 (joint)	Transparency International
2003	30 (joint)	Transparency International
2002	24	Transparency International
2001	26	Transparency International
2000	26	Transparency International

Signatory of International Convention on the Prevention and Punishment for the crime of Genocide
No (1948)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report

Signatory of the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment
Yes (1984)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report

Signatory of the Convention on the Rights of the Child
Yes (1989)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report

International humanitarian aid flows
Access the Financial Tracking Service, a global real-time database which records all reported humanitarian aid - including that for NGOs, the Red Cross/Crescent Movement, bilateral aid, in-kind aid and private donations - searchable by country.
Source: Financial Tracking Service, ReliefWeb

Percentage of population living on less than US$1 a day

1990-2005	28.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
1990-2004	23.5 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
1990-2003	23.5 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1990-2002	23.5 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1990-2001	23.5 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003

GNI per capita, Atlas method

2006	5570 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2005	5320 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2004	4320 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2003	3640 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2002	3130 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2001	3500 current US$	WorldBankDataProfileTables2008
2000	3310 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008

The purpose of the Atlas conversion factor is to reduce the impact of exchange rate fluctuations in a cross-country comparison of national incomes. The Atlas conversion factor for any year is the average of a country�s exchange rate (or alternative conversion factor) for that year and its exchange rates for the two preceding years.

GDP

2006	10.6 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2005	10.4 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2004	9.8 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2003	8.3 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2002	5.9 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2001	6.0 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2000	6.2 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008

Annual GDP growth

2006	2.1� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2005	4.0� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2004	6.2� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2003	6.2� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2002	5.6� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2001	5.2� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2000	8.2� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008

Annual inflation

2006	13.5� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2005	11.4� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2004	5.9� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2003	2.8� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2002	0.9� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2001	6.3� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2000	12.0� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008

Share of income or consumption (poorest 10 percent)
1.2 (latest available year)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008

Share of income or consumption (richest 10 percent)
51.0 (latest available year)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008

Physicians

2000-2004	40 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
1990-2004	40 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
1990-2003	29 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1990-2002	26 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003

Percentage HIV+ (adults aged 15-49)

2007	23.9 percent	U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008
2006	24.3 percent	U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008
2005	24.9 percent	U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008
2004	25.4 percent	U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008
2003	25.9 percent	U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008

Malaria
Risk from P.falciparum from November to June in the northern parts of the country: Boteti, Chobe, Ngamiland, Okavango and Tutume districts. Chloroquine resistant P.falciparum reported.
Source: WHO

TB cases

2006	551 per 100,000 people	WHO 2008
2005	587 per 100,000 people	WHO 2008
2004	623 per 100,000 people	WHO 2008
2003	633 per 100,000 people	WHO 2008
2002	630 per 100,000 people	WHO 2008
2001	625 per 100,000 people	WHO 2008
2000	600 per 100,000 people	WHO 2008

Chronology of natural disasters
Access EM-DAT, a database of natural disasters from 1900 to the present - death tolls and numbers of affected people - searchable by country.
Source: Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters, Catholic University of Louvain, Belgium

Number of refugees originating here

2007	16	UNHCR
2006	12	Office of the U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
2005	4	UNHCR
2004	6	UNHCR
2003	No data available
2002	No data available
2001	No data available
2000	No data available

Number of refugees residing here

2007	2465	UNHCR
2006	3160	UNHCR
2005	3109	UNHCR
2004	2839	UNHCR
2003	2838	UNHCR
2002	2805	UNHCR
2001	3581	UNHCR
2000	3551	UNHCR

Number of internally displaced people\Estimate

	No data available

No data available

Landmine casualties per year

2004	0	Landmine Monitor Report 2005
2003	0	Landmine Monitor Report 2004

Casualty figures may include both civilians and military personnel injured or killed by landmines and unexploded ordnance.
Signatory to landmine convention?
Yes (1997)
Source: Landmine Monitor Report

Percentage of GDP spent on military

2005	3.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	3.8 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	4.1 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005

Percentage of GDP spent on education

2002-2005	10.7 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2002-2004	No data available percent
2000-2002	2.2 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1999-2001	2.1 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1998-2000	8.6 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003

Percentage of GDP spent on health

2004	4.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2003-2004	3.3 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2002	3.7 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2001	4.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2000	3.8 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003

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