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Brazil

$Small country map\n© Microsoft Virtual Earth$

Capital:	Brasilia
Area size:	8456510 sq. km Slightly larger than Australia
Time zone:	GMT -2
Currency:	Real
Area code:	(+) 55
Driving:	Right
Climate description:	Four climatic areas: The Amazon basin has tropical temperatures with high humidity throughout the year; the Brazilian plateau has wet and dry seasons with varying temperatures and rainfall between October and April; the coastlands have a hot tropical climate; the southern states outside the tropics have a warm temperate climate with a distinct cooler season.

People

Standard of living

Economy & aid

Health

Disasters, conflict & migration

Language
Portuguese is the official and predominant language; many indigenous languages are also spoken.
Source: New Internationalist World Guide

Population

2007	191.5 million	U.N. Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) Population Division (2006)
2006	189.2 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2005	186.8 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2004	184.3 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2003	181.8 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2002	179.2 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2001	176.7 million	U.N. DESA (2006)
2000	174.2 million	U.N. DESA (2006)

Future population estimates
263.8 million (2050)
Source: U.N. DESA (2006)

Ethnic groups
The majority of Brazilians comes from the ethnic integration of indigenous people, African slaves and European immigrants. There are also Arab and Japanese minorities and various indigenous groups.
Source: NI World Guide

Religion
Roman Catholicism and syncretic religions such as Macumba and Candomble.
Source: NI World Guide

Percentage urban population

2007	85.2 percent	U.N. DESA - World Urbanisation Prospects 2005
2006	84.7 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2005	84.2 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2004	83.7 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2003	83.1 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2002	82.5 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2001	81.9 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)
2000	81.2 percent	U.N. DESA (2005)

Year women granted right to vote
1934
Source: U.N. Development Programme (UNDP) Human Development Report
Where two figures are shown, the first refers to a partial recognition of the right to vote and the second to the year women received the right to vote on a universal and equal basis.

Net percentage of girls enrolled in primary education
No data available (2006)

Percentage of population under 15

2005	27.8 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	28.1 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	28.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	28.3 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	28.8 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	28.8 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Average life expectancy

2005	71.7 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	70.8 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	70.5 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	68.1 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	67.8 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	67.7 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Life expectancy - male

2005	68.1 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	67.0 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	66.6 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	63.9 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	63.7 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	64.1 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Life expectancy - female

2005	75.5 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	74.8 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	74.6 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	72.5 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	72.3 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	72.0 years	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Infant mortality

2006	19 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2008
2005	31 per 1,000 live births	U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) - State of the World's Children 2007
2004	32 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006
2003	33 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	30 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	31 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	32 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Child mortality - deaths before the age of five

2006	20 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2008
2005	33 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2007
2004	34 per 1,000 live births	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006
2003	35 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	36 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	36 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	38 per 1,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Births attended by skilled personnel

1997-2005	97 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
1996-2004	96 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
1995-2003	88 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1995-2002	88 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1995-2001	88 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
1995-2000	88 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Maternal mortality

2005	110 per 100,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2000	260 per 100,000 live births	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006

Human development index (HDI rank)

2005	70	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	69	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	63	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	72	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	65	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	73	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Percentage of children under weight for age (under age 5)

2000-2006	6 percent	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2008
1996-2005	6 percent	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2007
1996-2004	6 percent	UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006
1995-2003	6 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1995-2002	6 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1995-2001	6 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
1995-2000	10 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Percentage of undernourished population

2002-2004 average	7 percent	U.N. Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) 2006
2001-2003average	8 percent	FAO 2006

Food intake falls below the minimum requirement.

Population with access to improved water

2006	91 percent	UNICEF and WHO 2008
2004	90 percent	UNICEF and World Health Organisation (WHO) 2006
2002	89 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2000	87 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004

Population with access to improved sanitation

2006	77 percent	UNICEF and WHO 2008
2004	75 percent	UNICEF and WHO 2006
2002	75 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2000	76 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004

Literacy - average

2004	88.6 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	88.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	86.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	87.3 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	85.2 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Literacy - male

2004	88.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	88.3 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	86.2 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	87.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	85.1 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Literacy - female

2004	88.8 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	88.6 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	86.5 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	87.2 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	85.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Landlines telephones

2006	205 per 1,000 people	International Telecommunication Union (ITU) 2007
2005	214 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2004	215 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2003	216 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2002	217 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2001	212 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2000	178 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007

Cellular telephone subscribers

2006	529 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2005	463 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2004	357 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2003	256 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2002	195 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2001	163 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2000	133 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007

Internet users

2006	226 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2005	172 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2004	120 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2003	99 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2002	80 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2001	45 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007
2000	29 per 1,000 people	ITU 2007

Transparency International corruption ranking (1=least corrupt, 179=most corrupt)

2008	80 (joint)	Transparency International 2008
2007	72 (joint)	Transparency International 2007
2006	70 (joint)	Transparency International
2005	62 (joint)	Transparency International
2004	59	Transparency International
2003	54 (joint)	Transparency International
2002	45 (joint)	Transparency International
2001	46	Transparency International
2000	49	Transparency International

Signatory of International Convention on the Prevention and Punishment for the crime of Genocide
Yes (1948)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report

Signatory of the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment
Yes (1984)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report

Signatory of the Convention on the Rights of the Child
Yes (1989)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report

International humanitarian aid flows
Access the Financial Tracking Service, a global real-time database which records all reported humanitarian aid - including that for NGOs, the Red Cross/Crescent Movement, bilateral aid, in-kind aid and private donations - searchable by country.
Source: Financial Tracking Service, ReliefWeb

Percentage of population living on less than US$1 a day

1990-2005	7.5 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
1990-2004	7.5 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
1990-2003	8.2 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1990-2002	8.2 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1990-2001	9.9 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003

GNI per capita, Atlas method

2006	4710 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2005	3880 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2004	3320 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2003	2950 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2002	3050 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2001	3290 current US$	WorldBankDataProfileTables2008
2000	3870 current US$	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008

The purpose of the Atlas conversion factor is to reduce the impact of exchange rate fluctuations in a cross-country comparison of national incomes. The Atlas conversion factor for any year is the average of a country�s exchange rate (or alternative conversion factor) for that year and its exchange rates for the two preceding years.

GDP

2006	1067.5 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2005	882.5 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2004	663.8 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2003	552.5 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2002	505.9 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2001	552.3 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2000	644.5 current US$ billions	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008

Annual GDP growth

2006	3.7� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2005	2.9� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2004	5.7� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2003	1.3� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2002	2.6� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2001	1.3� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2000	4.3� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008

Annual inflation

2006	4.3� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2005	7.5� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2004	8.0� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2003	13.6� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2002	10.6� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2001	9.0� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2000	6.2� percent	World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008

Share of income or consumption (poorest 10 percent)
0.9 (latest available year)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008

Share of income or consumption (richest 10 percent)
44.8 (latest available year)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008

Physicians

2000-2004	115 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
1990-2004	115 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
1990-2003	206 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1990-2002	158 per 100,000 people	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003

Percentage HIV+ (adults aged 15-49)

2007	0.6 percent	U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008
2006	0.6 percent	U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008
2005	0.6 percent	U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008
2004	0.6 percent	U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008
2003	0.6 percent	U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2008

Malaria
Risk from P.vivax and P.falciparum is present in most forested areas below 900 metres within the "Legal Amazonia" region (Acre, Amapa, Amazonas, western Maranhao, northern Mato Grosso, Para - except Belem City - Rondonia, Roraima and Tocantins). Risk varies from municipality to municipality but is higher in jungle areas of mining, lumbering and agricultural settlements of less than five years old and on the peripheries of the cities. In the states outside "Legal Amazonia", risk is negligible or non-existent. Multidrug-resistant P.falciparum reported.
Source: WHO

TB cases

2006	50 per 100,000 people	WHO 2008
2005	51 per 100,000 people	WHO 2008
2004	53 per 100,000 people	WHO 2008
2003	55 per 100,000 people	WHO 2008
2002	57 per 100,000 people	WHO 2008
2001	58 per 100,000 people	WHO 2008
2000	60 per 100,000 people	WHO 2008

Chronology of natural disasters
Access EM-DAT, a database of natural disasters from 1900 to the present - death tolls and numbers of affected people - searchable by country.
Source: Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters, Catholic University of Louvain, Belgium

Number of refugees originating here

2007	1624	UNHCR
2006	707	Office of the U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
2005	370	UNHCR
2004	403	UNHCR
2003	378	UNHCR
2002	441	UNHCR
2001	254	UNHCR
2000	224	UNHCR

Number of refugees residing here

2007	3783	UNHCR
2006	3492	UNHCR
2005	3458	UNHCR
2004	3345	UNHCR
2003	3193	UNHCR
2002	3182	UNHCR
2001	2884	UNHCR
2000	2722	UNHCR

Number of internally displaced people\Estimate

	No data available

No data available

Landmine casualties per year

2004	0	Landmine Monitor Report 2005
2003	0	Landmine Monitor Report 2004

Casualty figures may include both civilians and military personnel injured or killed by landmines and unexploded ordnance.
Signatory to landmine convention?
Yes (1997)
Source: Landmine Monitor Report

Percentage of GDP spent on military

2005	1.6 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004	1.5 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003	1.6 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002	1.6 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001	1.5 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000	1.3 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Percentage of GDP spent on education

2002-2005	4.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2002-2004	4.1 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2000-2002	4.2 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1999-2001	4.0 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1998-2000	4.7 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003

Percentage of GDP spent on health

2004	4.8 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2003-2004	3.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2002	3.6 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2001	3.2 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2000	3.4 percent	UNDP - Human Development Report 2003

AlertNet makes every effort to ensure statistics are updated from the relevant sources as soon as they are available.

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