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Vietnam
Vietnam
 
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Capital: Hanoi
Area size: 325490 sq. km Slightly larger than Poland
Time zone: GMT +7
Currency: Dong
Area code: (+) 84
Driving: Right
Climate description: Tropical climate in the southern region and subtropical in the northern region, with the rainy season from May to August in the north and until November in the south.
 

People
Standard of living
Economy & aid
Health
Disasters, conflict & migration
Language
The official language is Vietnamese, but the languages of ethnic minorities are also spoken.
Source: New Internationalist World Guide

Population
2007 87.3 million U.N. Department of Economic and Social Affairs (DESA) Population Division (2006)
2006 86.2 million U.N. DESA (2006)
2005 85.0 million U.N. DESA (2006)
2004 83.8 million U.N. DESA (2006)
2003 82.6 million U.N. DESA (2006)
2002 81.4 million U.N. DESA (2006)
2001 80.3 million U.N. DESA (2006)
2000 79.1 million U.N. DESA (2006)

Future population estimates
2050est 116.7 million U.N. DESA (2004)
2050 128.7 million U.N. DESA (2006)

Ethnic groups
Vietnamese make up most of the population. There are also various mountain people, such as the Tho, Hoa and Tai, as well as Chinese descendants.
Source: NI World Guide

Religion
Mainly Buddhist. Traditional religions and Catholicism are also practised, and there are some 3 million followers of the Hoa-Hao and Cao-Dai religious sects.
Source: NI World Guide

Percentage urban population
2007 27.3 percent U.N. DESA - World Urbanisation Prospects 2005
2006 26.9 percent U.N. DESA (2005)
2005 26.4 percent U.N. DESA (2005)
2004 26.0 percent U.N. DESA (2005)
2003 25.5 percent U.N. DESA (2005)
2002 25.1 percent U.N. DESA (2005)
2001 24.7 percent U.N. DESA (2005)
2000 24.3 percent U.N. DESA (2005)

Year women granted right to vote
1946
Source: U.N. Development Programme (UNDP) Human Development Report
Where two figures are shown, the first refers to a partial recognition of the right to vote and the second to the year women received the right to vote on a universal and equal basis.

Net percentage of girls enrolled in primary education
No data available (2004)

Percentage of population under 15
2005 29.6 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004 30.3 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003 31.1 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002 31.7 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001 32.6 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000 33.4 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2002


Average life expectancy
2005 73.7 years UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004 70.8 years UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003 70.5 years UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002 69.0 years UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001 68.6 years UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000 68.2 years UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Life expectancy - male
2005 71.9 years UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004 68.8 years UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003 68.6 years UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002 66.7 years UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001 66.3 years UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000 65.9 years UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Life expectancy - female
2005 75.7 years UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004 72.9 years UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003 72.6 years UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002 71.4 years UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001 71.0 years UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000 70.6 years UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Infant mortality
2006 15 per 1,000 live births UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2008
2005 16 per 1,000 live births U.N. Children's Fund (UNICEF) - State of the World's Children 2007
2004 17 per 1,000 live births UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006
2003 19 per 1,000 live births UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002 30 per 1,000 live births UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001 30 per 1,000 live births UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000 30 per 1,000 live births UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Child mortality - deaths before the age of five
2006 17 per 1,000 live births UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2008
2005 19 per 1,000 live births UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2007
2004 23 per 1,000 live births UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006
2003 23 per 1,000 live births UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002 39 per 1,000 live births UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001 38 per 1,000 live births UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000 39 per 1,000 live births UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Births attended by skilled personnel
1997-2005 85 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
1996-2004 85 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
1995-2003 85 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1995-2002 70 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1995-2001 70 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
1995-2000 70 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Maternal mortality
2005 150 per 100,000 live births UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2000 130 per 100,000 live births UNDP - Human Development Report 2006

Human development index (HDI rank)
2005 105 UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2004 109 UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2003 108 UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002 112 UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2001 109 UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000 109 UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Percentage of children under weight for age (under age 5)
2000-2006 25 percent UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2008
1996-2005 27 percent UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2007
1996-2004 28 percent UNICEF - State of the World's Children 2006
1995-2003 33 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
1995-2002 33 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1995-2001 33 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
1995-2000 33 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Percentage of undernourished population
2002-2004 average 16 percent U.N. Food and Agriculture Organisation (FAO) 2006
2001-2003average 17 percent FAO 2006

Food intake falls below the minimum requirement.
Population with access to improved water
2004 85 percent UNICEF and World Health Organisation (WHO) 2006
2002 73 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2000 77 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2004

Population with access to improved sanitation
2004 61 percent UNICEF and WHO 2006
2002 41 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2000 47 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2004

Literacy - average
2004 No data available percent
2003 90.3 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002 No data available percent
2001 92.7 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000 93.4 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Literacy - male
2004 No data available percent
2003 93.9 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002 No data available percent
2001 94.5 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000 95.5 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Literacy - female
2004 No data available percent
2003 86.9 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2002 No data available percent
2001 90.9 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2003
2000 91.4 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2002

Landlines telephones
2006 188 per 1,000 people International Telecommunication Union (ITU) 2007
2005 188 per 1,000 people ITU 2007
2004 122 per 1,000 people ITU 2007
2003 54 per 1,000 people ITU 2007
2002 49 per 1,000 people ITU 2007
2001 38 per 1,000 people ITU 2007
2000 32 per 1,000 people ITU 2007

Cellular telephone subscribers
2006 182 per 1,000 people ITU 2007
2005 114 per 1,000 people ITU 2007
2004 60 per 1,000 people ITU 2007
2003 33 per 1,000 people ITU 2007
2002 24 per 1,000 people ITU 2007
2001 16 per 1,000 people ITU 2007
2000 10 per 1,000 people ITU 2007

Internet users
2006 172 per 1,000 people ITU 2007
2005 127 per 1,000 people ITU 2007
2004 76 per 1,000 people ITU 2007
2003 38 per 1,000 people ITU 2007
2002 19 per 1,000 people ITU 2007
2001 13 per 1,000 people ITU 2007
2000 3 per 1,000 people ITU 2007

Transparency International corruption ranking (1=least corrupt, 179=most corrupt)
2007 123 (joint) Transparency International 2007
2006 111 (joint) Transparency International
2005 107 (joint) Transparency International
2004 102 (joint) Transparency International
2003 100 (joint) Transparency International
2002 85 (joint) Transparency International
2001 75 (joint) Transparency International
2000 76 (joint) Transparency International

Signatory of International Convention on the Prevention and Punishment for the crime of Genocide
Yes (1948)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report

Signatory of the Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment
No (1984)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report

Signatory of the Convention on the Rights of the Child
Yes (1989)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report

International humanitarian aid flows
Access the Financial Tracking Service, a global real-time database which records all reported humanitarian aid - including that for NGOs, the Red Cross/Crescent Movement, bilateral aid, in-kind aid and private donations - searchable by country.
Source: Financial Tracking Service, ReliefWeb

Percentage of population living on less than US$1 a day
1990-2005 No data available percent
1990-2004 No data available percent
1990-2003 No data available percent
1990-2002 17.7 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1990-2001 17.7 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2003

GNI per capita, Atlas method
2006 700  current US$ World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2005 620 current US$ World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2004 540 current US$ World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2003 470 current US$ World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2002 430 current US$ World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2001 410 current US$ WorldBankDataProfileTables2008
2000 390 current US$ World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008

The purpose of the Atlas conversion factor is to reduce the impact of exchange rate fluctuations in a cross-country comparison of national incomes. The Atlas conversion factor for any year is the average of a country’s exchange rate (or alternative conversion factor) for that year and its exchange rates for the two preceding years.
GDP
2006 61.0 current US$ billions World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2005 53.1 current US$ billions World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2004 45.4 current US$ billions World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2003 39.5 current US$ billions World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2002 35.1 current US$ billions World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2001 32.5 current US$ billions World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008
2000 31.2 current US$ billions World Bank Data Profile Tables 2008

Annual GDP growth
2005 8.4 percent World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007
2004 7.7 percent World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007
2003 7.3 percent World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007
2002 7.1 percent World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007
2001 6.9 percent World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007
2000 6.8 percent World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007

Annual inflation
2005 8.4 percent World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007
2004 7.9 percent World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007
2003 6.7 percent World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007
2002 3.9 percent World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007
2001 1.9 percent World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007
2000 3.4 percent World Bank Data Profile Tables 2007

Share of income or consumption (poorest 10 percent)
4.2 (latest available year)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008

Share of income or consumption (richest 10 percent)
28.8 (latest available year)
Source: UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008

Physicians
2000-2004 53 per 100,000 people UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
1990-2004 53 per 100,000 people UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
1990-2003 54 per 100,000 people UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
1990-2002 52 per 100,000 people UNDP - Human Development Report 2003

Percentage HIV+ (adults aged 15-49)
2005 0.5 percent U.N. Programme on HIV and AIDS (UNAIDS) 2006
2003 0.4 percent UNAIDS 2006

Malaria
Risk from P.falciparum throughout the year in the whole country excluding urban centres, the Red River delta and the coastal plain areas of central Vietnam. High risk areas are the highland areas below 1500 metres south of 18°N, notably Dak Lak, Gia Lai and Kin tom as well as Ca Mau, Bac Lieu and Tay Ninh. Resistance to chloroquine, sulfadoxine-pyrimethamine and mefloquine reported.
Source: WHO

TB cases
2006 173 per 100,000 people WHO 2008
2005 174 per 100,000 people WHO 2008
2004 176 per 100,000 people WHO 2008
2003 178 per 100,000 people WHO 2008
2002 180 per 100,000 people WHO 2008
2001 182 per 100,000 people WHO 2008
2000 183 per 100,000 people WHO 2008

Chronology of natural disasters
Access EM-DAT, a database of natural disasters from 1900 to the present - death tolls and numbers of affected people - searchable by country.
Source: Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters, Catholic University of Louvain, Belgium

Number of refugees originating here
2006 374279 Office of the U.N. High Commissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)
2005 358248 UNHCR
2004 349780 UNHCR
2003 363179 UNHCR
2002 373741 UNHCR
2001 353224 UNHCR
2000 370758 UNHCR

Number of refugees residing here
2006 2357 UNHCR
2005 2357 UNHCR
2004 2360 UNHCR
2003 15360 UNHCR
2002 15945 UNHCR
2001 15945 UNHCR
2000 15945 UNHCR

Number of internally displaced people\Estimate
No data available

Landmine casualties per year
2004 At least 238 Landmine Monitor Report 2005
2003 At least 220 Landmine Monitor Report 2004

Casualty figures may include both civilians and military personnel injured or killed by landmines and unexploded ordnance.
Signatory to landmine convention?
No
Source: Landmine Monitor Report

Percentage of GDP spent on military
No data available percent

Percentage of GDP spent on education
No data available percent

Percentage of GDP spent on health
2004 1.5 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2007/2008
2003-2004 1.5 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2006
2002 1.5 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2005
2001 1.5 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2004
2000 1.3 percent UNDP - Human Development Report 2003


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